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Comparative Study On The Phytochemical Constituents And Haematological Parameters Of Ethanol Extract Of Telfaira Occidentalis And Justicia Carnea On Phenylhydrazine Anaemia Induced Wistar Albino Rats.
ABSTRACT
This study comparatively investigated the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant vitamins and haematological parameters of the ethanol extracts of Telfairia occidentalis and Justicia carnea leaves on phenylhydrazine anemia-induced wistar albino rats. In this study, phytochemical compositions and hematological analysis were all carried out using standard analytical procedures. Thirty-five male wistar albino rats were used for haematological study. The rats were randomly distributed into seven groups of five rats each with Group A as normal control, Group B was anemia induced untreated, Group C was anemia induced, treated with 0.5ml/kg of Ferovital, then Group D and F were anemia induced treated with 100mg/kg body weight of ethanol extract of T.occidentalis and J. carnea. Group E and G were anemia induced and treated with 400mg/kg of T.occidentalis and J. carnea. Treatment lasted for fourteen days. At the end of the fourteen days blood samples were collected from the animals and were used for haematological analysis. The investigation showed the richness of aqueous extract in phytochemicals with J.carnea contents slightly higher than T.occidentalis contents.The major phytochemicals being flavonoids (8.02 ±0.00% in T.occidentalis and 12.01±0.00% in J.carnea),alkaloids (3.62±0.00% in T.occidentalis and 4.38±0.00% in J.carnea), saponins(3.40±0.00% in T.occidentalis and 5.28±0.00% in J.carnear),phenol(4.10±0.00mg/g in T.occidentalis and 1.03±0.00mg/g in J.carnea).The significant (p<0.05) reduction in the levels of haematological indices observed in anemic rat were significantly (p<0.05) reverted within few days of treatment with extracts when compared with group A. These investigations suggest that aqueous extracts of J.carnea and T .occidentalis possess anti anemic effects due to their blood boosting and replenishing properties with J.carnea having slightly higher blood boosting properties than T.occidentalis.
KEYWORDS: Telfaira occidentalis, Justicia carnea, Phytochemicals, Anaemia, Blood and haematology