Evaluation of Proximate Composition, Quantitative Phytochemical and Antioxidant Vitamin Level of Justicia carnea

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity poses significant health risks, and conventional treatments have limitations. The traditional use of Justicia carnea as a blood and liver tonic needs scientific validation, prompting this study to investigate its hepatoprotective effects and potential therapeutic applications. This study evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of ethanolic leaves extract Justicia carnea against cadmium-induced liver damage in male Wistar rats. The extract's traditional use as a blood and liver tonic was validated by assessing its potential to mitigate cadmium-induced liver and blood toxicity. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of Naringin, Vinnillic acid, and Nobiletin, while proximate composition showed high moisture content, carbohydrates, and protein. Acute toxicity tests confirmed the extract's safety. Cadmium exposure led to significant (p ≤ 0.05) liver damage, marked by elevated liver enzymes and bilirubin levels. However, treatment with J. carnea extract (100mg/kg and 300mg/kg) showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) improvements in liver function, with the higher dose exhibiting more pronounced effects. The extract also improved hematological parameters, including PCV, RBC, and Hb levels. Renal function markers, such as urea and creatinine, were also improved. The study's findings suggest that J. carnea ethanol extract has hepatoprotective and hematological benefits, validating its traditional use. The extract's potential as a natural remedy for cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and related oxidative stress disorders warrants further research to explore its mechanisms, optimal dosage, and therapeutic applications. The results of this study provide scientific evidence for the traditional use of J. carnea as a blood and liver tonic, and highlight its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for liver-related disorders.